Nursing practices in the management of pediatric malnutrition in a hospital in the Machala canton

Abstract

Childhood malnutrition is a global problem affecting children from 0 to 5 years of age in various regions. This condition is caused by an inadequate intake of essential macronutrients and micronutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, which are essential for physical and cognitive development in childhood. The objective of this research was to identify the interventions of nursing staff in the treatment of malnutrition in pediatric patients in the Pediatric Service of a hospital in the Machala canton. The methodology used was quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 8 nursing graduates from the hospital's Pediatric Service, covering the entire population in the area. The results revealed that 37.50% of parents or caregivers receive ongoing education on child nutritional care, while 62.50% receive it occasionally. In the care plan, 100% of nurses agreed on the importance of implementing a personalized plan that includes parenteral or enteral nutrition, administration of nutritional supplements and promotion of adequate nutrition. Child nutrition education for parents and caregivers tends to be sporadic and uneven. Improving the consistency and accessibility of this education can optimize children's nutritional status and development. In addition, all nursing professionals develop personalized plans that cover parenteral and enteral nutrition, as well as nutritional supplements, which underscores their commitment to effective recovery and improved quality of life for pediatric patients.