Renal and electrolyte disturbances in eating disorders: a systematic review

Abstract

Background: The relationship between renal disease and eating disorders are of interest in routine nephrological practice, studies in this line indicate inconsistent results on the pathophysiological mechanisms that determine renal involvement and eating disorders. Objective: To know the alterations produced by eating disorders at the level of the renal and electrolyte system. Methodology: It consisted of a systematic review of the literature based on the PRISMA guidelines statement. Results: the main alterations identified are dehydration and renal insufficiency, pyuria, proteinuria and hematuria; while in the case of the electrolyte system, they are hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypernatremia, hyperkalemia and hypomagnesemia. Conclusion: early detection of electrolyte abnormalities will allow a timelier diagnosis and intervention to mitigate the negative impact that eating disorders have on morbidity, mortality, and quality of life of human beings who suffer from them.